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Frasi di Norbert Wiener
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Norbert Wiener è stato un matematico e statistico statunitense.

Famoso per ricerche sul calcolo delle probabilità, ma soprattutto per gli sviluppi dati, insieme a Claude Shannon, alla teoria dell'informazione essendo riconosciuto come il padre della cibernetica moderna.

Dagli studi di Wiener nacque la cibernetica, scienza di orientamento interdisciplinare che si occupa non solo del controllo automatico dei macchinari mediante il computer e altri strumenti elettronici, ma anche dello studio del cervello umano, del sistema nervoso e del rapporto tra i due sistemi, artificiale e biologico, di comunicazione e di controllo.

Portano il suo nome il processo di Wiener, il filtro di Wiener, il teorema di Wiener-Khinchin, l'indice di Shannon-Wiener, lo spazio di Wiener, il teorema di Paley-Wiener, l'equazione di Wiener-Hopf. Wikipedia  

✵ 26. Novembre 1894 – 18. Marzo 1964   •   Altri nomi نوربرت وینر
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Norbert Wiener: Frasi in inglese

“A group may have more group information or less group information than its members. A group of non-social animals, temporarily assembled, contains very little group information, even though its members may possess much information as individuals. This is because very little that one member does is noticed by the others and is acted on by them in a way that goes further in the group. On the other hand, the human organism contains vastly more information, in all probability, than does any one of its cells. There is thus no necessary relation in either direction between the amount of racial or tribal or community information and the amount of information available to the individual.”

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Norbert Wiener libro Cybernetics: Or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine

VIII. Information, Language, and Society. p. 158.
Cybernetics: Or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine (1948)

“What most experimenters take for granted before they begin their experiments is infinitely more interesting than any results to which their experiments lead.”

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Norbert Wiener

Origine: [Wiener, N., A New Theory of Measurement: A Study in the Logic of Mathematics, Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society, s2-19, 1, 1921, 181–205, 0024-6115, 10.1112/plms/s2-19.1.181]

“As to sociology and anthropology, it is manifest that the importance of information and communication as mechanisms of organization proceeds beyond the individual into the community. On the other hand, it is completely impossible to understand social communities such as those of ants without a thorough investigation of their means of communication, and we were fortunate enough to have the aid of Dr. Schneirla in this matter. For the similar problems of human organization, we sought help from the anthropologists Drs. Bateson and Margaret Mead; while Dr. Morgenstern of the Institute for Advanced Study was our adviser in the significant field of social organization belong to economic theory. His very important joint book on games with Dr. von Neumann, by the way, represents a most interesting study of social organization from the point of view of methods closely related to, although distinct from, the subject matter of cybernetics. Dr. Lewin and others represented the newer work on the theory of opinion sampling and the practice of opinion making, and Dr. F. C. S. Northrup was interested in assaying the philosophical significance of our work.”

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Norbert Wiener libro Cybernetics: Or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine

Introduction. p. 18-19
Cybernetics: Or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine (1948)

“That country will have the greatest security whose informational and scientific situation is adequate to meet the demands that may be put on it—the country in which it is fully realized that information is important as a stage in the continuous process by which we observe the outer world, and act effectively upon it. In other words, no amount of scientific research, carefully recorded in books and papers, and then put into our libraries with labels of secrecy, will be adequate to protect us for any length of time in a world where the effective level of information is perpetually advancing.”

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Norbert Wiener libro The Human Use of Human Beings

VII. Communication, Secrecy, and Social Policy. p. 121-122
The Human Use of Human Beings (1950)

“Any labor which competes with slave labor must accept the economic conditions of slave labor.”

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Norbert Wiener libro The Human Use of Human Beings

Origine: The Human Use of Human Beings (1950), p. 162

“onlyinclude>|Information is information|”

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Norbert Wiener libro Cybernetics: Or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine

V. Computing Machines and the Nervous System. p. 132.
Cybernetics: Or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine (1948)

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