Frasi di Gregory Scott Paul (37 frasi) | Citazioni e frasi celebri

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The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs

Gregory Scott Paul

Gregory Scott Paul: 37 frasi 2 Mi piace

Gregory Scott Paul frasi celebri

“Ahimè, i produttori dei prodotti commerciali dei dinosauri continuano a rigurgitare materiali di bassa qualità che sono o obsoleti o inappropriatamente derivativi. I documentari e i libri sui dinosauri sono diventati così numerosi che non hanno più fascino e non provo più nemmeno ad aggiornarmi. Ci sono anche dei seri problemi con la qualità e l'affidabilità, che spesso non soddisfano le aspettative degli scienziati. Ecco un esempio; ho quasi sferrato un calcio allo schermo della tv quando un documentario ha affermato che il cervello di Tyrannosaurus fosse grande quanto quello di un gorilla, nonostante il suo quoziente intellettivo fosse di poco superiore rispetto a quello di un coccodrillo. E perché i teropodi vengono spesso raffigurati immobili, pronti a sfidare le proprie prede prima di attaccarle, quando il vero scopo dei predatori è quello di colpire e sopraffare le proprie vittime prima che esse si accorgano di quello che sta accadendo? Questi standard bassi non mi sorprendono, siccome i media e la stampa spesso promuovono la credenza nel paranormale. Ma questi sono cavilli. La scienza dei dinosauri è quasi completamente cambiata nel mezzo secolo in cui sono stato cosciente. Vecchie star come Allosaurus e il sempre bizzarro Stegosaurus hanno ancora il loro fascino, ma ora sappiamo dell'esistenza dei sauropodi corazzati, dei terizinosauri panciuti e dei dromaeosauri dalle ali multiple simili a quelle degli uccelli. Il modello rettiliano è superato e quello uccello-mammifero è dominante.”

Gregory Scott Paul

Alas, producers of commercial dinosaur products continue to churn out low quality product that is either obsolete or improperly derivative. Dino documentaries and books have become so plentiful that they are no longer special and I do not try to keep up with them. There are also serious problems with quality and accuracy which often fail to meet the expectations of scientists. More about those problems here. I about kicked in the TV screen when one dino doc claimed that the brain of Tyrannosaurus was as large as that of a gorilla when its IQ was not all that much better than a croc’s. And why are the theropods shown pausing to challenge their prey before they charge, when the actual focus of predators is to hit and overwhelm the victim before it knows what is happening? The low standards are not surprising considering how the media and press frequently carry product that promotes belief in the paranormal. But these are quibbles. Dinosaur science has almost completely transformed over the half century that my neural network has been aware of it. The old stand-bys from Allosaurus to the always strange Stegosaurus are still fascinating, but we now know about armored sauropods, fat-bellied therizinosaurs and multi-winged, near avian, sickle claws. The reptile model is out and the avian-mammalian is dominant.
Autobiography

“L'apice dell'evoluzione tirannosauride, T. rex fu uno degli ultimi dinosauri nordamericani. Nessun altro dinosauro mostrava una tale combinazione di grandezza, velocità e possanza. Da quando si è estinto, abbiamo dovuto accontentarci di leoni, tigri, orsi e altri mammiferi carnivori "piccoli".”

Gregory Scott Paul

Predatory Dinosaurs of the World

“I resti dei dinosauri sono stati scoperti da umani per millenni e probabilmente essi hanno creato la base per le credenze nelle creature mitologiche, inclusi i draghi.”

Gregory Scott Paul libro The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs

The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs

“Velociraptor antirrhopus viene normalmente considerato un dinosauro piccolo, ma l'esemplare più grande era un animale lungo tre metri, con una testa lunga quarantasei centimetri e un peso uguale a quello di un lupo maschio. Se fosse vivo ai nostri tempi, sarebbe considerato un predatore grande.”

Gregory Scott Paul

Predatory Dinosaurs of the World

“Se mettessimo insieme un leopardo e un Velociraptor antirrhopus, il primo sarebbe nei guai.”

Gregory Scott Paul

Predatory Dinosaurs of the World

“Il mondo dei dinosauri con cui ero cresciuto era in qualche modo classico. Essi erano universalmente visti come rettili squamosi che abitavano i continenti immobili. Non c'era alcun indizio che fossero gli antenati diretti degli uccelli. Essendo rettili, i dinosauri erano a sangue freddo e piuttosto lenti, con l'eccezione degli esemplari più piccoli, più simili agli uccelli. Tutti i dinosauri trascinavano le loro code sul suolo. Gli arti anteriori erano spesso spalancati. I muscoli delle gambe erano snelli, tratto tipico dei rettili. Le loro capacità intellettuali erano minime e lo stesso valeva per le loro attività sociali e materne… Gli adrosauridi e soprattutto i sauropodi erano gli ippopotami dei dinosauri. Gli ultimi infatti erano forse un po' troppo colossali per emergere sulla terraferma e quando lo facevano il loro grande peso li costringeva ad alzare dal suolo solo una zampa alla volta. Erano adatti solo per il clima tropicale umido, caldo e soleggiato che avvolgeva la terra da un polo all'altro prima del Cenozoico. Un clima che andava raffreddandosi e la formazione di nuove catene montuose rappresentarono la condanna degli arcosauri obsoleti, risparmiando solo i coccodrilli. I dinosauri e i pterosauri, simili a pipistrelli, erano semplicemente degli interludi evolutivi, un periodo di inerzia geo-biologico prima che le cose si facessero serie con l'ascesa degli uccelli e soprattutto dei mammiferi energetici e astuti, per poi condurre con l'inevitabile progress all'apice della selezione naturale: l'uomo. Era quasi tutto sbagliato. Sentivo in fondo che qualcosa non andava. Nel disegnare i dinosauri, trovai che erano molto più simili agli uccelli e ai mammiferi che non ai rettili, che sarebbero dovuti essere. Ero pronto a un nuovo punto di vista.”

Gregory Scott Paul

The dinosaur world I grew up in was classical. They were universally seen as scaley herps that inhabited the immobile continents. There was no hint that birds were their direct descendents. Being reptiles, dinosaurs were cold-blooded and rather sluggish except perhaps for the smaller more bird-like examples. They all dragged their tails. Forelimbs were often sprawling. Leg muscles were slender in the reptilian manner. Intellectual capacity was minimal, as were social activity and parenting... Hadrosaurs and especially sauropods were dinosaurian hippos, the latter perhaps too titanic to even emerge on land, and if they did so were limited by their bulk to lifting one foot of the ground at a time. Suitable only for the lush, warm and sunny tropical climate that enveloped the world from pole to pole before the Cenozoic, a cooling climate and new mountain chains did the obsolete archosaurs in, leaving only the crocodilians. Dinosaurs and the bat-winged pterosaurs were merely an evolutionary interlude, a period of geo-biological stasis before things got really interesting with the rise of the energetic and quick witted birds and especially mammals, leading with inexorable progress to the apex of natural selection: Man. It was pretty much all wrong. Deep down I sensed something was not quite right. Illustrating dinosaurs I found them to be much more reminiscent of birds and mammals than of the reptiles they were supposed to be. I was primed for a new view.
Autobiography

Frasi su uccelli di Gregory Scott Paul

“Se non fosse per la coda lunga, una persona al buio potrebbe scambiare un teropode per un grosso uccello dentato e rapace. Che i teropodi siano simili agli uccelli è logico dal momento che gli uccelli sono i loro parenti più stretti. Ricordati di questo la prossima volta che ti mangi una coscia di pollo o rompi delle uova.”

Gregory Scott Paul

Predatory Dinosaurs of the World

“Benché certi dinosauri abbiano trascorso del tempo mangiando nell'acqua come fanno gli alci o i gatti viverrini, al massimo solo pochi tra essi sono diventati veramente acquatici allo stesso modo degli ippopotami, o marini come nel caso delle foche e delle balene. Gli unici dinosauri fortemente acquatici sono alcuni uccelli. Perciò, la solita diceria secondo cui sarebbero esistiti dinosauri marini è scorretta – queste creature dei mari mesozoici erano varie forme di rettili che si evolsero poi nel corso dei millenni.”

Gregory Scott Paul libro The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs

The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs

“Quando si credeva ancora che gli uccelli non derivassero dai dinosauri, si riteneva di conseguenza che il loro volo si fosse sviluppato tra gli animali arrampicatori che prima planavano e poi hanno sviluppato il volo potenziato. Questa ipotesi era avvalorata dal fatto che sappiamo che gli animali arboricoli potessero evolvere il volo potenziato con l'aiuto della gravità, come nel caso dei pipistrelli. Quando fu scoperto che gli uccelli discendono dai deinonicosauri, molti ricercatori cambiarono ipotesi e teorizzarono che i dinosauri corridori avessero imparato a volare dalla terra ferma, verso l'alto. Questa teoria non appare molto verosimile dal momento che non sarebbe di certo pratico per i tetrapodi volare, evolvendosi da corridori terricoli che agiscono contro gravità. Le caratteristiche degli uccelli indicano che si evolverono da dinosauri corridori bipedi, che successivamente diventarono arrampicatori dalle braccia lunghe. Se gli antenati degli uccelli fossero stati totalmente arboricoli, allora gli uccelli sarebbero dovuti essere creature per metà quadrupede e le loro gambe distese sarebbero state integrate nell'ala, come nei pipistrelli. Il fatto che gli uccelli sono bipedi con gambe separate dalle ali indica che i loro antenati fossero adattati alla corsa.”

Gregory Scott Paul libro The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs

The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs

Gregory Scott Paul Frasi e Citazioni

“Questo è il teropode. Infatti, con l'eccezione di Brontosaurus, questo è il dinosauro preferito del pubblico, avendo lottato contro King Kong per i favori forzati di Fay Wray e avendo distrutto Tokyo (con effetti speciali inferiori) nelle veste di Godzilla.”

Gregory Scott Paul

Predatory Dinosaurs of the World

“Quali sarebbero i nostri pensieri e i nostri sentimenti riguardo i dinosauri carnivori se fossero vivi al giorno d'oggi? Gli umani hanno da tempo sentito antipatia verso i carnivori, i nostri concorrenti per le proteine scarseggianti. Ma i nostri sentimenti sono leggermente placati dai tratti attraenti che vediamo in loro. Per quanto siano grandi e possenti, i leoni ci rammentano delle bestiole che si raggomitolano sui nostri grembi e che fanno le fusa quando li accarezziamo. Allo stesso modo, i nobili lupi ci rammentano dei nostri compagni canini. I cani e i gatti sono buoni compagni perché sono intelligenti, sensibili alle nostre esigenze e i loro corpi flessibili li rendono piacevoli da toccare e per giocarci. Più importante, sono ammaestrabili. I loro occhi rivolti di fronte ci fanno ricordare noi stessi. Al contrario, neanche i dinosauri carnivori più piccoli presenterebbero un vantaggio di questo tipo. Nessuno di loro era abbastanza intelligente per essere addomesticabile o ammaestrabile e infatti avrebbero rappresentato un pericolo continuo per i loro padroni. I loro corpi rigidi, forse piumati, non sarebbero del tipo che ci piacerebbe avere ai piedi in letto. I giganti dai tratti rettiliani, i grandi carnivori, sarebbero stati veramente orribili e terrificanti. Avremmo ammirato la loro grandezza e la loro potenza, nello stesso modo in cui molti s'interessano alle macchine da guerra, ma non ci piacerebbero. Le loro immagini nella letteratura e nella musica sarebbero demoniache e potenti — mostri da temere e distruggere ma, allo stesso tempo, d'ammirare.”

Gregory Scott Paul

Predatory Dinosaurs of the World

Tipo , Modo , Tempo , Sui cani

“Sono ambiguo riguardo le opere di Crichton, siccome includono elementi dubbiosi anti-scientifici. Però non mi posso lamentare d'un tizio che mi include nei ringraziamenti del suo best seller… Il film [Jurassic Park] non era male, ma non li perdonerò per aver presentato Brachiosaurus come un goffo dagli arti pesanti. Io non avevo niente a che fare con quello. Credevo che fosse un peccato che i brachiosauri, potenzialmente onnivori e certamente non placidi come mucche, avrebbero mancato l'opportunità di papparsi di quei mocciosi sull'albero.”

Gregory Scott Paul

I am ambiguous about Crichton's body of work, as it includes dubious anti-scientific elements. But I can’t be too upset about a fellow who includes me in the acknowledgements of his bestselling novel... The movie was okay, but I will never forgive them for presenting Brachiosaurus as such a heavy limbed clunker. I had nothing to do with that. I thought it was too bad the potentially omnivorous brachiosaurs – which were unlikely to have been as placid as cattle – missed the opportunity to snarf up the bratty kids when they were up in the tree.
Autobiography

Albero , il male , Opportunità

“I coccodrilli, molto simili a quelli odierni, erano i concorrenti principali dei teropodi nel Cretaceo. Tuttavia sembra che nella maggior parte dei depositi Mesozoici i coccodrilli fossero meno abbondanti rispetto a quelli presenti nel successivo Cenozoico, dominato dai mammiferi. Essi erano inoltre di taglia piccola: pochi esemplari raggiungevano la grandezza degli alligatori americani o dei coccodrilli del Nilo. È possibile che i teropodi stessero mangiando i coccodrilli. Persino oggi, i grandi felini ogni tanto uccidono un coccodrillo di grandezza notevole. Un tirannosauro avrebbe potuto inseguirne uno nell'acqua per poi inghiottirlo intero. Può darsi che gli attacchi costanti avevano soppresso le popolazioni dei coccodrilli, favorendo in tal modo le specie più piccole e difficili da catturare.”

Gregory Scott Paul

Predatory Dinosaurs of the World

acqua , Modo

“Questi sono tra i miei dinosauri preferiti in assoluto. I loro crani curvati in su, le loro proporzioni gracili ma compatte, e i grandi artigli a falce rendono questi animali eleganti, attraenti, ma diabolici. Non c'è niente come loro. Sono proporzionalmente tra i predatori più possenti; di sicuro non c'era alcun altro teropode che possedeva una tale combinazione di armamento sui piedi, le mani, e la testa… Tra i teropodi, solo Tyrannosaurus, con la sua forza estrema nel cranio, uguaglia Velociraptor in possanza totale relativo al peso.”

Gregory Scott Paul

Predatory Dinosaurs of the World

Animali

“La tigre siberiana, il predatore terrestre odierno più grande col peso di un terzo di tonnellata (300 chili), non è niente in confronto ai dinosauri carnivori più grandi, che potevano raggiungere da cinque fino a forse venti tonnellate — la grandezza degli elefanti e anche di più. Tuttavia, al contrario degli elefanti, i dinosauri carnivori più grandi correvano probabilmente con una velocità equiparabile a quella dei cavalli e cacciavano erbivori che erano anch'essi grandi come elefanti o persino di più.”

Gregory Scott Paul

Predatory Dinosaurs of the World

Cavallo , Velocità

Gregory Scott Paul: Frasi in inglese

“If not for the long tail, one might mistake a theropod for a big, toothy, marauding bird in the dark. That theropods are birdlike is logical, since birds are their closest living relatives. Remember that next time you eat a drumstick or scramble some eggs.”

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Gregory Scott Paul

Gregory S. Paul (1988) Predatory Dinosaurs of the World, Simon and Schuster, p. 22
Predatory Dinosaurs of the World

“Novelist Michael Crichton wrote Jurassic Park as a screenplay option for the Steven Spielberg flick. I am ambiguous about Crichton’s body of work, as it includes dubious anti-scientific elements. But I can’t be too upset about a fellow who includes me in the acknowledgements of his bestselling novel. I ended up doing some preliminary studies of Tyrannosaurus and Deinonychus for the movie(s). These were significantly altered by Spielberg and Stan Winston and his effects team for copyright purposes. In the film, some of my skeletals show up posted on Sam Neill's (ak. a. Dr. Grant's) trailer wall. I was accidentally responsible for the avian term 'raptor' being improperly applied to dromaeosaurs. In another Hunteria paper and PDW, I synonymized Deinonychus with Velociraptor, which Crichton picked up on and shortened into the convenient handle 'raptor'. The movie was okay, but I will never forgive them for presenting Brachiosaurus as such a heavy limbed clunker. I had nothing to do with that. I thought it was too bad the potentially omnivorous brachiosaurs – which were unlikely to have been as placid as cattle – missed the opportunity to snarf up the bratty kids when they were up in the tree.”

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Gregory Scott Paul

Autobiography, part IV http://gspauldino.com/part4.html, gspauldino.com

“The dinosaur world I grew up in was classical. They were universally seen as scaley herps that inhabited the immobile continents. There was no hint that birds were their direct descendents. Being reptiles, dinosaurs were cold-blooded and rather sluggish except perhaps for the smaller more bird-like examples. They all dragged their tails. Forelimbs were often sprawling. Leg muscles were slender in the reptilian manner. Intellectual capacity was minimal, as were social activity and parenting; the Knight painting of a Triceratops pair watching over a baby threatened by the Tyrant King was a notable exception. Hadrosaurs and especially sauropods were dinosaurian hippos, the latter perhaps too titanic to even emerge on land, and if they did so were limited by their bulk to lifting one foot of the ground at a time. Suitable only for the lush, warm and sunny tropical climate that enveloped the world from pole to pole before the Cenozoic, a cooling climate and new mountain chains did the obsolete archosaurs in, leaving only the crocodilians. Dinosaurs and the bat-winged pterosaurs were merely an evolutionary interlude, a period of geo-biological stasis before things got really interesting with the rise of the energetic and quick witted birds and especially mammals, leading with inexorable progress to the apex of natural selection: Man. It was pretty much all wrong. Deep down I sensed something was not quite right. Illustrating dinosaurs I found them to be much more reminiscent of birds and mammals than of the reptiles they were supposed to be. I was primed for a new view.”

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Gregory Scott Paul

Autobiography, part I http://gspauldino.com/part1.html, gspauldino.com

“Dinosaur remains have been found by humans for millennia and probably helped form the basis for belief in mythical beasts including dragons.”

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Gregory Scott Paul libro The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs

Gregory S. Paul (2010) The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs, Princeton University Press, p. 9
The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs

“When one reads about Tyrannosaurus and Brontosaurus, one is not dealing with species, like lions or African elephants. Instead, these are genera, a group of animal species. For example, the lion is in the genus Panthera. Species of Panthera include the lion Panthera leo, the tiger P. tigris, and the leopard P. pardus, among others. So saying Tyrannosaurus is much like saying "the big cats".”

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Gregory Scott Paul

Gregory S. Paul (1988) Predatory Dinosaurs of the World, Simon and Schuster, p. 176
Predatory Dinosaurs of the World

“Tyrannosaurus rex did not have 6-to-8-inch serrated teeth and an arc of D-cross-sectioned teeth set in a massive, powerful skull just to consume rotting carcasses! These were killing tools. In sharp contrast are the weak beaks and feet of vultures and condors- the only true living scavengers.”

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Gregory Scott Paul

Gregory S. Paul (1988) Predatory Dinosaurs of the World, Simon and Schuster, p. 33
Predatory Dinosaurs of the World

“The biggest living terrestrial predator, the Siberian tiger, at about a third of a metric ton (300 kg) pales in comparison to the biggest of the meat-eating dinosaurs, which reached 5 to perhaps 20 metric tons - the size of elephants and bigger. But while elephants cannot run, the biggest predatory dinosaurs probably ran as fast as horses, and they hunted herbivores that themselves were as big as or bigger than elephants.”

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Gregory Scott Paul

Gregory S. Paul (1988) Predatory Dinosaurs of the World, Simon and Schuster, p. 19
Predatory Dinosaurs of the World

“Although some dinosaurs may have spent some time feeding in the water like moose or fishing cats, at most a few became strongly amphibious in the manner of hippos, much less marine as per seals and whales. The only strongly aquatic dinosaurs are some birds. The occasional statement that there were marine dinosaurs is therefore incorrect - these creatures of Mesozoic seas were various forms of reptiles that had evolved over the eons.”

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Gregory Scott Paul libro The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs

Gregory S. Paul (2010) The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs, Princeton University Press, p. 14
The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs

“[Deinonychus] is usually considered a small dinosaur. But the largest individual was an eleven-foot-long animal whose head approached half a yard long, and was of male-timber-wolf mass. If alive today it would be considered a big predator.”

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Gregory Scott Paul

Gregory S. Paul (1988) Predatory Dinosaurs of the World, Simon and Schuster, p. 367
Predatory Dinosaurs of the World

“What gave archosaurs the edge as large predators at this time, and therapsids the edge as smaller ones? Frankly, I am not sure. Both seem to have had heightened metabolic rates and fur or feather insulation… Perhaps the chief advantage enjoyed by thecodonts centered around their big, slashing attack jaws. These may have made them better big-game hunters, while the more precise cutting teeth of therapsids were more suitable for smaller prey.”

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Gregory Scott Paul

Gregory S. Paul (1988) Predatory Dinosaurs of the World, Simon and Schuster, p. 53
Predatory Dinosaurs of the World

“How would we think and feel about predatory dinosaurs if they were alive today? Humans have long felt antipathy toward carnivores, our competitors for scarce protein. But our feelings are somewhat mollified by the attractive qualities we see in them. For all their size and power, lions remind us of the little creatures that we like to have curl up in our laps and purr as we stroke them. Likewise, noble wolves recall our canine pets. Cats and dogs make good companions because they are intelligent and responsive to our commands, and their supple bodies make them pleasing to touch and play with. And, very importantly, they are house-trainable. Their forward-facing eyes remind us of ourselves. However, even small predaceous dinosaurs would have had no such advantage. None were brainy enough to be companionable or house-trainable; in fact, they would always be a danger to their owners. Their stiff, perhaps feathery bodies were not what one would care to have sleep at the foot of the bed. The reptilian-faced giants that were the big predatory dinosaurs would truly be horrible and terrifying. We might admire their size and power, much as many are fascinated with war and its machines, but we would not like them. Their images in literature and music would be demonic and powerful - monsters to be feared and destroyed, yet emulated at the same time.”

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Gregory Scott Paul

Gregory S. Paul (1988) Predatory Dinosaurs of the World, Simon and Schuster, p. 19
Predatory Dinosaurs of the World

“When it was assumed that birds did not evolve from dinosaurs, it was correspondingly presumed that their flight evolved among climbers that first glided and then developed powered flight. This has the advantage that we know that arboreal animals can evolve powered flight with the aid of gravity, as per bats. When it was realized that birds descended from deinonychosaurs, many researchers switched to the hypothesis that running dinosaurs learned to fly from the ground up. This has the disadvantage that it is not certain whether it is practical for tetrapod flight to evolve among ground runners working against gravity.
The characteristics of birds indicate that they evolved from dinosaurs that had first evolved as bipedal runners, and then evolved into long armed climbers. If the ancestors of birds had been entirely arboreal, then they should be semiquadrupedal forms whose sprawling legs were integrated into the main airfoil, like bats. That birds are bipeds whose erect legs are separate from the wings indicates that their ancestors evolved to run.”

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Gregory Scott Paul libro The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs

Gregory S. Paul (2010) The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs, Princeton University Press, p. 52
The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs

“Put a leopard and a [Deinonychus] together and the former would be in trouble.”

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Gregory Scott Paul

Gregory S. Paul (1988) Predatory Dinosaurs of the World, Simon and Schuster, p. 362-363
Predatory Dinosaurs of the World

“This is the theropod. Indeed, excepting perhaps Brontosaurus, this is the public's favourite dinosaur, having fought King Kong for the forced favor of Fay Wray and smashed Tokyo (with inferior special effects) in the guise of Godzilla.”

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Gregory Scott Paul

Gregory S. Paul (1988) Predatory Dinosaurs of the World, Simon and Schuster, p. 344
Predatory Dinosaurs of the World

“[Velociraptors] are among my very favourite dinosaurs. Their long upcurved skulls, slender yet compact proportions, and great sickle claws make these elegant, attractive, yet demonic animals. There is nothing else like them. Pound for pound, these are among the most powerful of known predators; certainly no other theropod had such a combination of foot, hand, and head weaponry… Among theropods only Tyrannosaurus, with its extreme skull strength, equalled Velociraptor in total power relative to weight.”

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Gregory Scott Paul

Gregory S. Paul (1988) Predatory Dinosaurs of the World, Simon and Schuster, p. 362-363
Predatory Dinosaurs of the World

“Dinosaurs seem strange, but that is just because we are mammals biased toward assuming the modern fauna is familiar and normal, and past forms are exotic and alien. Consider that elephants are bizarre creatures with their combination of big brains, massive limbs, oversized ears, teeth turned into tusks, and noses elongated into hose-like trunks. Nor were dinosaurs part of an evolutionary progression that was necessary to set the stage for mammals culminating into humans. What dinosaurs do show is a parallel world, one in which mammals were permanently subsidiary, whereas the dinosaurs show what largely diurnal land animals that evolved straight from similarly day-loving ancestors should actually look like. Modern mammals are much more peculiar, having evolved from nocturnal beasts that came into their own only after the entire elimination of nonavian dinosaurs. While dinosaurs dominated the land, small nocturnal mammals were just as abundant and diverse as they are in our modern world. If not for the accident of the later even, dinosaurs would probably still be the global norm.”

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Gregory Scott Paul libro The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs

Gregory S. Paul (2010) The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs, Princeton University Press, p. 14
The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs

“The culmination of tyrannosaur evolution, T. rex was one of the very last North American dinosaurs. Nothing else combined its size, speed, and power. Since its demise we have had to make do with lions and tigers and bears, and other "little" mammalian carnivores.”

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Gregory Scott Paul

Gregory S. Paul (1988) Predatory Dinosaurs of the World, Simon and Schuster, p. 346
Predatory Dinosaurs of the World

“To a fair extent the Tyrannosaurus species are the tyrannosaur's of tyrannosaurs; they have taken to an extreme the development of skull size, strength, and power. This and the larger, more forward-pointing mid-upper jaw teeth suggest a more potent wounding ability than the albertosaur's. The stoutness of Tyrannosaurus relative to albertosaurs is readily apparent in the skeletal restorations. They are not as graceful, but they have a well-proportioned, majestic attractiveness of their own.”

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Gregory Scott Paul

Gregory S. Paul (1988) Predatory Dinosaurs of the World, Simon and Schuster, p. 338
Predatory Dinosaurs of the World

“By the Cretaceous crocodilians of essentially modern form were the theropods [sic] main competitors. Yet crocodilians appear to be less abundant in most Mesozoic deposits than they are later in the mammal-dominated Cenozoic. Not only that, but they tended to be small-bodied: few specimens were as big as American alligators or Nile crocodiles. It is possible that theropods were eating the crocs. Even today, big cats once in a while kill a fairly large crocodilian. A tyrannosaur could have swallowed one whole, and gone into the water after them. Constant attacks could have suppressed croc populations, and favored the smaller, harder to catch species.”

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Gregory Scott Paul

Gregory S. Paul (1988) Predatory Dinosaurs of the World, Simon and Schuster, p. 69
Predatory Dinosaurs of the World

“Ever since the early '80s I have applied feathers to many of the small dinosaurs, and never did smaller theropods without them. I did so because birds evolved from small theropods, and the evidence for the latter having the high metabolic rates that would have promoted the evolution of insulation was solid. I used to receive endless grief for this. The counter-argument was that no feathers had been found on any dinosaurs, and scales had, so I was engaging in unfounded speculation. But these points were actually not scientific. Scales had been discovered only on large dinosaurs, so illustrating small ones with scales was no less speculative than putting feathers on them. It would be like illustrating little mammals with naked skin if all we had was elephants and rhinos to base mammal integument on. I knew that my thesis was logical, so I bided my time.”

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Gregory Scott Paul

Autobiography, part III http://gspauldino.com/part3.html, gspauldino.com

“Alas, producers of commercial dinosaur products continue to churn out low quality product that is either obsolete or improperly derivative. Dino documentaries and books have become so plentiful that they are no longer special and I do not try to keep up with them. There are also serious problems with quality and accuracy which often fail to meet the expectations of scientists. More about those problems here. I about kicked in the TV screen when one dino doc claimed that the brain of Tyrannosaurus was as large as that of a gorilla when its IQ was not all that much better than a croc’s. And why are the theropods shown pausing to challenge their prey before they charge, when the actual focus of predators is to hit and overwhelm the victim before it knows what is happening? The low standards are not surprising considering how the media and press frequently carry product that promotes belief in the paranormal. But these are quibbles. Dinosaur science has almost completely transformed over the half century that my neural network has been aware of it. The old stand-bys from Allosaurus to the always strange Stegosaurus are still fascinating, but we now know about armored sauropods, fat-bellied therizinosaurs and multi-winged, near avian, sickle claws. The reptile model is out and the avian-mammalian is dominant.”

Help us translate this quote

Gregory Scott Paul

Autobiography, part V http://gspauldino.com/part5.html, gspauldino.com

Help us translate this quote

Gregory Scott Paul

Species of Panthera include the lion Panthera leo, the tiger P. tigris, and the leopard P. pardus, among others. So saying Tyrannosaurus is much like saying "the big cats".
Gregory S. Paul (1988) Predatory Dinosaurs of the World, Simon and Schuster, p. 176
Predatory Dinosaurs of the World