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Frasi di Friedrich August von Hayek
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Friedrich August von Hayek è stato un economista e sociologo austriaco naturalizzato britannico.

Pensatore liberale e liberista, è stato uno dei massimi esponenti della scuola austriaca e critico dell'intervento statale in economia. Nel 1974 è stato insignito, insieme a Gunnar Myrdal, del Premio Nobel per l'economia "per il lavoro sulla teoria monetaria, sulle fluttuazioni economiche e per le analisi sull'interdipendenza dei fenomeni economici".

Ha elaborato una critica al modello di Welfare State, sebbene favorevole a forme di reddito di base, che lo spinse a mettere in discussione le tesi di Keynes.

Hayek venne influenzato dal fondatore della scuola economica austriaca, Ludwig von Mises. Ebbe una lunga amicizia con il filosofo viennese Karl Popper. Hayek ha influenzato tutto l'ambiente del libertarianismo, segnatamente Murray Rothbard della scuola anarcocapitalista, Robert Nozick e anche Milton Friedman , che però poi lo criticarono per alcuni aspetti.

Nel 1944 pubblicò la sua opera più celebre, La via della schiavitù. Wikipedia  

✵ 8. Maggio 1899 – 23. Marzo 1992  •  Altri nomi Friedrich von Hayek, Фридрих Август фон Хайек
Friedrich August von Hayek photo
Friedrich August von Hayek: 107 citazioni5 Mi piace

Friedrich August von Hayek frasi celebri

“Se esistessero uomini onniscienti, se potessimo sapere non solo tutto quanto tocca la soddisfazione dei nostri desideri di adesso, ma pure i bisogni e le aspirazioni future, resterebbe poco da dire in favore della libertà.”

Friedrich August von Hayek libro La società libera

La società libera

“Il meraviglioso sistema dei prezzi è un meccanismo perfetto per comunicare informazioni con la velocità del vento anche nelle regioni più remote.   Se sai qual è la fonte di questa citazione, inseriscila.”

Friedrich August von Hayek

“Lungi dal propugnare uno "stato minimo", riteniamo indispensabile che in una società avanzata il governo debba usare il proprio potere di raccogliere fondi per le imposte per offrire una serie di servizi che per varie ragioni non possono essere forniti (o non possono esserlo in modo adeguato) dal mercato.”

Friedrich August von Hayek

Legge, legislazione e libertà

“La libertà è essenziale per far posto all'imprevedibile e all'impredicibile; ne abbiamo bisogno perché abbiamo imparato ad aspettarci da essa le occasioni per raggiungere molti dei nostri obiettivi.”

Friedrich August von Hayek libro La società libera

La società libera

“Assicurare un reddito minimo a tutti, o a un livello sotto cui nessuno scenda, quando non può provvedere a se stesso, non soltanto è una protezione assolutamente legittima contro rischi comuni a tutti, ma è un compito necessario della Grande Società”

Friedrich August von Hayek

cioè dello Stato
Legge, legislazione e libertà

Frasi sull'et di Friedrich August von Hayek

“Non vi è motivo per cui in una società libera lo stato non debba assicurare a tutti la protezione contro la miseria sotto forma di un reddito minimo garantito, o di un livello sotto il quale nessuno scende.”

Friedrich August von Hayek

Legge, legislazione e libertà

“I problemi che le scienze sociali cercano di risolvere si presentano solo in quanto l'azione cosciente di una molteplicità di persone dà luogo a risultati inintenzionali e in quanto si constata l'esistenza di certe regolarità maturate spontaneamente al di fuori di ogni deliberazione programmatica. Se i fenomeni sociali non manifestassero altro ordine di quello conferito loro da una intenzionalità cosciente, non ci sarebbe posto per alcuna scienza teorica della società e tutto si ridurrebbe esclusivamente, come spesso si sente dire, a problemi di psicologia”

Friedrich August von Hayek

cap. IV
L'abuso della ragione

“[Il collettivismo metodologico è una concezione erronea che tratta] alla stregua di oggetti reali gli insiemi, che non sono altro che costrutti e che non possono avere altre proprietà che quelle derivanti dal modo in cui li abbiamo messi insieme a partire dagli elementi componenti.”

Friedrich August von Hayek

cap. VI
L'abuso della ragione

“[Il costruttivismo consiste nell'idea erronea per cui] l'uomo, dato che ha creato egli stesso le istituzioni della società e della civiltà, deve anche poterle alterare a suo piacimento in modo che soddisfino i suoi desideri o le sue aspirazioni. […] Cartesiani, illuministi e positivisti sono stati tutti costruttivisti.”

Friedrich August von Hayek

L'abuso della ragione
Origine: Cioè non hanno usato la ragione, ne hanno abusato.

“Non c'è niente nei principi fondamentali del liberalismo che lo configuri come un credo stazionario; non ci sono regole rigide stabilite una volta per tutte. Il principio fondamentale, secondo cui nel gestire i nostri affari dobbiamo fare uso il più possibile delle forze spontanee della società e ricorrere il meno possibile alla coercizione, è suscettibile di un'infinita varietà di applicazioni.”

Friedrich August von Hayek libro La via della schiavitù

La via della schiavitù

“Se "capitalismo" significa qui un sistema competitivo fondato sulla libera disponibilità della proprietà privata, è di grande rilievo comprendere che la democrazia è possibile solo all'interno di un sistema del genere.”

Friedrich August von Hayek libro La via della schiavitù

La via della schiavitù

Frasi sulla libertà di Friedrich August von Hayek

“Il principio fondamentale per cui l'intervento coercitivo dell'autorità statale deve limitarsi a imporre il rispetto delle norme generali di condotta lecita priva il governo stesso del potere di dirigere e controllare le attività economiche degli individui. Se così non fosse, il conferimento di tali facoltà darebbe al governo un potere sostanzialmente arbitrario e discrezionale, che si risolverebbe in una limitazione di quelle libertà di scelta degli obiettivi individuali che tutti i liberali vogliono garantire.”

Friedrich August von Hayek

Nuovi studi di filosofia, politica, economia e storia delle idee

“Poiché l'azione è la fonte principale delle conoscenze individuali, su cui poggia il progresso sociale di avanzamento del sapere, le ragioni della libertà di azione sono altrettanto forti di quelle della libertà di opinione.”

Friedrich August von Hayek

Nuovi studi di filosofia, politica, economia e storia delle idee

Friedrich August von Hayek Frasi e Citazioni

“Noi non agiamo mai, né potremmo mai agire, in base ad una perfetta conoscenza di tutti i fatti che costituiscono una particolare situazione, ma sempre in base all'individuazione di alcuni aspetti rilevanti di questa.”

Friedrich August von Hayek

Legge, legislazione e libertà

“Oggetto specifico delle scienze sociali […] sono le azioni coscienti o consapevoli dell'uomo, quelle cioè compiute da un soggetto che abbia preliminarmente effettuato una scelta fra diverse alternative possibili.”

Friedrich August von Hayek

cap. III
L'abuso della ragione

“[Lo scienziato sociale deve] prendere sistematicamente le mosse dalle concezioni dalle quali gli uomini sono indotti all'azione e non dai risultati delle loro teorizzazioni sulle proprie azioni.”

Friedrich August von Hayek

cap. IV
L'abuso della ragione

“Negare l'esistenza e lo studio dell'emergenza dell'ordine spontaneo, significa negare l'esistenza di un oggetto proprio delle scienze sociali teoriche.”

Friedrich August von Hayek

cap. VI
L'abuso della ragione

“In campo sociale, la convinzione erronea che l'esercizio di qualche potere abbia delle conseguenze benefiche può portare a un nuovo potere col quale costringere altri uomini sui quali si ha una certa autorità. Anche se questo potere di per sé non è cattivo, il suo esercizio potrebbe impedire il funzionamento di quelle forze ordinatrici spontanee dalle quali, senza capirle, l'uomo è in effetti assistito in così larga misura quando persegue i propri fini.”

Friedrich August von Hayek

Nuovi studi di filosofia, politica, economia e storia delle idee

“La condizione basilare da cui dovrebbe partire qualsiasi discussione intelligente sull'ordinamento di tutte le attività sociali è l'ignoranza costituzionale e irrimediabile, da parte sia delle persone interessate che degli studiosi, della molteplicità dei fatti particolari, concreti, che rientrano in questo specifico coordinamento delle attività umane.”

Friedrich August von Hayek

Nuovi studi di filosofia, politica, economia e storia delle idee

“Credo che, dopo un po' di socialismo, la gente riconosca generalmente che è preferibile, per il proprio benessere e relativo status, dipendere dall'esito del gioco del mercato piuttosto che dalla volontà di un superiore al quale si sia assegnati d'autorità.”

Friedrich August von Hayek

Nuovi studi di filosofia, politica, economia e storia delle idee

“È essenziale che l'accesso a qualsiasi attività economica sia aperto a tutti alle medesime condizioni, e che la legge non tolleri nessun tentativo da parte di individui o di gruppi di limitare tale accesso con la forza, palese o larvata.”

Friedrich August von Hayek libro La via della schiavitù

La via della schiavitù

“Una federazione tra Stati realmente diversi porta necessariamente all'impossibilità di un intervento statale nell'economia, e quindi alla vittoria di politiche liberiste.”

Friedrich August von Hayek

Origine: Da Le condizioni economiche del federalismo tra Stati, 1939, pp. 121-122. [traduttore?]

“Nel Mondo occidentale alcune disposizioni per coloro che sono minacciati dagli estremi di indigenza o dalla fame per circostanze al di là del loro controllo sono stati da tempo accettati come dovere della comunità. La necessità di una simile disposizione in una società industriale è indiscussa, sia solo nell'interesse di coloro che richiedono protezione contro atti di disperazione da parte dei bisognosi.”

Friedrich August von Hayek

Variante: Nel Mondo occidentale alcune disposizioni per coloro che sono minacciati dagli estremi di indigenza o dalla fame per circostanze al di là del loro controllo sono stati da tempo accettati come dovere della comunità. La necessità di una simile disposizione in una società industriale è indiscussa - sia solo nell'interesse di coloro che richiedono protezione contro atti di disperazione da parte dei bisognosi. (da La società libera)

“La libera scelta può esistere almeno in una dittatura che può limitarsi, ma non sotto il governo di una democrazia illimitata che non può.”

Friedrich August von Hayek

“Ho visitato il Cile qualche tempo fa e ho scoperto che il Paese è governato da membri del seminario di Friedman!… Il sistema economico sta lavorando meravigliosamente e il recupero è straordinario.”

Friedrich August von Hayek

“Il controllo economico non è il semplice controllo di un settore della vita umana che può essere separato dal resto; è il controllo dei mezzi per tutti i nostri fini.”

Friedrich August von Hayek

Origine: In AA.VV., Il libro della politica, traduzione di Sonia Sferzi, Gribaudo, 2018. ISBN 9788858019429

Friedrich August von Hayek: Frasi in inglese

“Conservatism, though a necessary element in any stable society, is not a social program; in its paternalistic, nationalistic and power adoring tendencies it is often closer to socialism than true liberalism; and with its traditionalistic, anti-intellectual, and often mystical propensities it will never, except in short periods of disillusionment, appeal to the young and all those others who believe that some changes are desirable if this world is to become a better place.”

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Friedrich Hayek

Origine: 1940s–1950s, The Road to Serfdom (1944), p. xi

“You cannot successfully use your technical knowledge unless you are a fairly educated person, and, in particular, have some knowledge of the whole field of the social sciences as well as some knowledge of history and philosophy. Of course real competence in some particular field comes first. Unless you really know your economics or whatever your special field is, you will be simply a fraud. But if you know economics and nothing else, you will be a bane to mankind, good, perhaps, for writing articles for other economists to read, but for nothing else.”

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Friedrich Hayek

Friedrich Hayek (1991). "On being an economist." In: W. W. Bartley and S. Kresge (eds.), The Trend of Economic Thinking; Essays on Political Economists and Economic History, Volume III, London. Routledge. p. 38
1980s and later

“There can be no doubt that our innate moral emotions and instincts were acquired in the hundreds of thousand years—probably half a million years—in which Homo sapiens lived in small hunting and gathering groups and developed a physiological constitution which governed his innate instincts. These instincts are still very strong in us. Yet civilization developed by our gradually learning cultural rules which were trans­mitted by teaching and which served largely to restrain and suppress some of those natural instincts.”

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Friedrich Hayek

1980s and later, Knowledge, Evolution and Society (1983), "Coping with Ignorance", "Science and Socialism"

“Those who suffer from this monopoly should form a libertarian anti-labour union movement of workers directed against what has long become a deceptive farce favouring an elite that has gained dominance in a party wrongly claiming to represent the interest of all workers. Once it is recognized that the unions prevent people from getting jobs, such a movement may readily spread.”

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Friedrich Hayek

"Jobs: the basic truths we have cast aside", The Times (7 August 1984), p. 10
1980s and later

“The human groups have been selected for the effects of their habitual practices, effects of which the individuals were not and could not be aware. Customs are mostly group properties, beneficial only if they are common properties of its individual members but referring to reciprocal action.”

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Friedrich Hayek

"The Origins and Effects of Our Morals: A Problem for Science", in The Essence of Hayek (1984)
1980s and later

“I did say in print, in February, 1929 that there was no hope for economic recovery in Europe before American interest rates came down. That wouldn’t be until the American boom collapsed — which was likely to happen within the next few months. And this did, in fact, happen in October 1929.
What made me expect this, of course, was one of my main theoretical beliefs — that an inflationary boom cannot be maintained indefinitely. I was sure that a very unstable situation was created by the artificial prolongation of the boom in 1927, when the Federal Reserve tried to stave off a collapse by credit expansion.”

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Friedrich Hayek

1980s and later, Interview in Silver & Gold Report (1980)

“The social sciences building at the University of Chicago indeed still bears since it was built 40 years ago on its outside an inscription taken from the famous physicist Lord Kelvin: "When you cannot measure, your knowledge is meager and unsatisfactory." I will admit that that may be true, but it is certainly not scientific to insist on measurement where you don't know what your measurements mean. There are cases where measurements are not relevant. What has done much damage to microeconomics is striving for a pseudo-exactness by imitating methods of the physical sciences which have to deal with what are fundamentally much more simple phenomena. And the assumption that it is possible to ascertain all the relevant particular facts still completely dominates the alternative methods of dealing with our constitutional ignorance, which economists have tried to overcome. This of course, is what has come to be called macroeconomics as distinct from microeconomics.”

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Friedrich Hayek

1980s and later, Knowledge, Evolution and Society (1983), "Coping with Ignorance"

“A limited democracy might indeed be the best protector of individual liberty and be better than any other form of limited government, but an unlimited democracy is probably worse than any other form of unlimited government, because its government loses the power even to do what it thinks right if any group on which its majority depends thinks otherwise. If Mrs. Thatcher said that free choice is to be exercised more in the market place than in the ballot box, she has merely uttered the truism that the first is indispensable for individual freedom, while the second is not: free choice can at least exist under a dictatorship that can limit itself but not under the government of an unlimited democracy which cannot.”

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Friedrich Hayek

Letter to The Times http://coreyrobin.files.wordpress.com/2012/07/hayek-letter-to-the-times-july-11-1978.pdf (11 July 1978), p. 15 <br class="br">1960s–1970s

“The next time I met Ludwig Wittgenstein was in the spring of 1928 when the economist Dennis Robertson, who was taking me for a walk through the Fellows' Gardens of Trinity College, Cambridge, suddenly decided to change course because on the top of a little rise he perceived the form of the philosopher draped over a deckchair. He evidently stood rather in awe of him, and he did not wish to disturb him.”

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Friedrich Hayek

&quot; Remembering My Cousin, Ludwig Wittgenstein https://www.unz.org/Pub/Encounter-1977aug-00020&quot;, Encounter ( August 1977 https://www.unz.org/Pub/Encounter-1977aug). Page 21. <br class="br">1960s–1970s

“Life at Cambridge during those war years was to me particularly congenial, and it completed the process of thorough absorption in English life which, from the beginning, I had found very easy. Somehow the whole mood and intellectual atmosphere of the country had at once proved extraordinarily attractive to me, and the conditions of a war in which all my sympathies were with the English greatly speeded up the process of becoming thoroughly at home—much more than in my native Austria from which I had already become somewhat estranged during the conditions of the 1920s. While neither on my early visit to the United States nor during my later stay there or still later in Germany did I feel that I really belonged there, English ways of life seemed so naturally to accord with all my instincts and dispositions that, if it had not been for very special circumstances, I should never have wished to leave the country again. And of all the forms of life, that at one of the colleges of the old universities…still seems to me the most attractive. The evenings at the High Table and the Combinations Room at King's are among the pleasantest recollections of my life, and some of the older men I came then to know well, especially J. H. Clapham, remained, while they lived, dear friends.”

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Friedrich Hayek

Stephen Kresge and Leif Wenar (eds.), Hayek on Hayek: An Autobiographical Dialogue (London: Routledge, 1994), p. 86
1980s and later

“Our morality itself is the result of a process of cultural selection. Those things survive which enable the species to multiply.”

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Friedrich Hayek

1980s and later, Knowledge, Evolution and Society (1983), "Coping with Ignorance", "Our Moral Heritage"

“Conservatism proper is a legitimate, probably necessary, and certainly widespread attitude of opposition to drastic change. It has, since the French Revolution, for a century and a half played an important role in European politics. Until the rise of socialism its opposite was liberalism… There is nothing corresponding to this conflict in the history of the United States, because what in Europe was called ‘liberalism’ was here the common tradition on which the American polity had been built: thus the defender of the American tradition was a liberal in the European sense.”

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Friedrich Hayek

&quot;Why I am Not a Conservative&quot; https://www.press.uchicago.edu/books/excerpt/2011/hayek_constitution.html <br class="br">1960s–1970s, The Constitution of Liberty (1960)

“On the scale on which [tax cutting] is being tried, I'm a little apprehensive. I'm all for reduction of government expenditures but to anticipate it by reducing the rate of taxation before you have reduced expenditure is a very risky thing to do.”

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Friedrich Hayek

in "Business People; A Nobel Winner Assesses Reagan", The New York Times (1 December 1982)
1980s and later

“What a free society offers to the individual is much more than what he would be able to do if only he were free.”

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Friedrich Hayek

Origine: 1960s–1970s, The Constitution of Liberty (1960), p. 6.

“The sentence, 'stopping the printing presses,' is a figurative expression, because it is being done now by creating credit by the Federal Reserve System. But this is government action — all inflation is ultimately the result of activities which government determines and can control. And all inflations have been stopped in the past by the government stopping creating money, or preventing the central bank from creating more money. May I add just one thing? See, all inflations have been stopped by people who created or believed in a very naive form of the Quantity Theory, and acted on that. It may be wrong, but it is the only adequate theory effective to stop an inflation.”

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Friedrich Hayek

1975 interview https://mises.org/library/hayek-meets-press-1975 on &quot;Meet the Press.&quot; <br class="br">1960s–1970s

“The attack on economics sprang rather from a dislike of the application of scientific methods to the investigation of social problems. The existence of a body of reasoning which prevented people from following their first impulsive reactions, and which compelled them to balance indirect effects, which could be seen only by exercising the intellect, against intense feeling caused by the direct observation of concrete suffering, then as now, occasioned intense resentment.”

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Friedrich Hayek

"The Trend of Economic Thinking", lecture delivered at LSE on March 1, 1933, published in Economica (May 1933)
1920s–1930s

“Freedom granted only when it is known beforehand that its effects will be beneficial is not freedom.”

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Friedrich Hayek

Origine: 1960s–1970s, The Constitution of Liberty (1960), p. 83.

“I think the basic misconception is to speak of the so-called “best” allocation of resources. What is the best? In common economics it is defined as what would be if we knew everything. Economists operate with the fictitious assumption that all the relevant data is known, but this is totally unrealistic. Nobody knows all the data. What we have is widely dispersed knowledge, which cannot be concentrated in one mind. To call the situation—which would use all the knowledge available—“optimal” is nonsense because it is by definition a non-achievable solution. Our problem is not the full utilization of all knowledge but the best use we can achieve with any known institutional structure. In that sense, some oligopolistic (and even monopolistic situations), represent the best possible utilization of knowledge that we can achieve. Even the action of a monopolist can be extremely beneficial.”

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Friedrich Hayek

1960s–1970s, A Conversation with Professor Friedrich A. Hayek (1979)

“I don’t have many strong dislikes. I admit that as a teacher—I have no racial prejudices in general—but there were certain types, and conspicuous among them the Near Eastern populations, which I still dislike because they are fundamentally dishonest. And I must say dishonesty is a thing I intensely dislike. It was a type which, in my childhood in Austria, was described as Levantine, typical of the people of the eastern Mediterranean. But I encountered it later, and I have a profound dislike for the typical Indian students at the London School of Economics, which I admit are all one type—Bengali moneylender sons. They are to me a detestable type, I admit, but not with any racial feeling. I have found a little of the same amongst the Egyptians —basically a lack of honesty in them. If I advise speaking about honesty, I think honesty is really the best expression of what I call the morals of a civilized society. Primitive man lacks a conception of honesty.”

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Friedrich Hayek

Conversation https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JoV-5p88rGU&amp;feature=youtu.be&amp;t=53m31s with Chitester (1978); published in Nobel Prize-Winning Economist: Friedrich A. von Hayek https://archive.org/details/nobelprizewinnin00haye (1983), p. 490 <br class="br">1960s–1970s

“I must confess that if I had been consulted whether to establish a Nobel Prize in economics, I should have decidedly advised against it.”

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Friedrich Hayek

1960s–1970s, Nobel Banquet Speech (1974)

“There mere idea that the planning authority could ever possess a complete inventory of the amounts and qualities of all the different materials and instruments of production of which the manager of a particular plant will know or be able to find out makes the whole proposal a somewhat comic fiction. Once this is recognised it becomes obvious that what prices ought to be can never be determined without relying on competitive markets.”

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Friedrich Hayek

1980s and later, "Two Pages of Fiction" (1982)

“What the planning authority would have to know would not be the mere totals but the distinct, peculiar conditions prevailing in each enterprise which affect the information about values transmitted through market prices but would be completely lost in any statistical information about quantities that might reach the authority from time to time.”

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Friedrich Hayek

1980s and later, "Two Pages of Fiction" (1982)

“Since only actions aimed at perceived benefit to others were, to Aristotle's mind, morally approved, actions solely for personal gain must be bad. That commercial considerations may not have affected the daily activities of most people does not mean however that over any prolonged period their very lives did not depend on the functioning of a trade that enabled them to buy essentials. That production for gain which Aristotle denounced as unnatural had -- long before his time -- already become the foundation of an extended order far transcending the known needs of other persons.”

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Friedrich Hayek

Origine: 1980s and later, The Fatal Conceit: The Errors of Socialism (1988), p. 46

“What struck me most in this conversation was a radical passion for truthfulness in everything (which I came to know as a characteristic vogue among the young Viennese intellectuals of the generation immediately preceding mine only in the following university years). This truthfulness became almost a fashion in that border group between the purely Jewish and the purely Gentile parts of the intelligentsia in which I came so much to move. It meant much more than truth in speech. One had to "live" truth and not tolerate any pretence in oneself or others. It sometimes produced outright rudeness and, certainly, unpleasantness. Every convention was dissected and every conventional form exposed as fraud. Wittgenstein merely carried this further in applying it to himself. I sometimes felt that he took a perverse pleasure in discovering falsehood in his own feelings and that he was constantly trying to purge himself of all fraud.”

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Friedrich Hayek

&quot; Remembering My Cousin, Ludwig Wittgenstein https://www.unz.org/Pub/Encounter-1977aug-00020&quot;, Encounter ( August 1977 https://www.unz.org/Pub/Encounter-1977aug). Page 20. <br class="br">1960s–1970s

“An evil fate befall German efforts to defend the ideal of liberty in general and in the field of economics in particular, with the result that today I am almost the only survivor of a generation that set out in the wake of the First World War to devote all its energies to the preservation of a civilised society, a generation that set itself the task to build a better society in a systematic fashion and to learn to understand, an to some extent defend, a tradition that had civilised the world.”

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Friedrich Hayek

"The Rediscovery of Freedom: Personal Recollections" (1983), published in The Fortunes of Liberalism (1992)
1980s and later

“And since any inflation, however modest at first, can help employment only so long as it accelerates, adopted as a means of reducing unemployment, it will do so for any length of time only while it accelerates. "Mild" steady inflation cannot help—it can lead only to outright inflation. That inflation at a constant rate soon ceases to have any stimulating effect, and in the end merely leaves us with a backlog of delayed adaptations, is the conclusive argument against the "mild" inflation represented as beneficial even in standard economics textbooks.”

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Friedrich Hayek

1980s Unemployment and the Unions: Essays on the Impotent Price Structure of Britain and Monopoly in the Labour Market https://books.google.com/books?id=zZu3AAAAIAAJ&amp;q=%22only+while+it+accelerates%22&amp;dq=%22only+while+it+accelerates%22&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ei=HBhsUYjUGMv34QSW-YDgDg&amp;redir_esc=y (1984) <br class="br">1980s and later

“The Nobel Prize confers on an individual an authority which in economics no man ought to possess.
This does not matter in the natural sciences. Here the influence exercised by an individual is chiefly an influence on his fellow experts; and they will soon cut him down to size if he exceeds his competence.
But the influence of the economist that mainly matters is an influence over laymen: politicians, journalists, civil servants and the public generally.
There is no reason why a man who has made a distinctive contribution to economic science should be omnicompetent on all problems of society — as the press tends to treat him till in the end he may himself be persuaded to believe.”

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Friedrich Hayek

1960s–1970s, Nobel Banquet Speech (1974)

“I believe that the main lesson which our generation has learnt is that we must find a new limit for the activities of government, a limit which leaves ample scope for sensible experimentation but which secures the freedom of the individual as the mainspring of all social and political activity. The whole purpose of these lectures has been to suggest that we can find such a limit if we are willing to revive and develop the ancient ideal of the Rule of Law.”

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Friedrich Hayek

Lecture IV. The Decline of the Rule of Law - 25. The Task for Liberty- Loving Statesmen
1940s–1950s, The Political Ideal of the Rule of Law (1955)

“I cannot help but protest in the strongest possible terms against the cartoon on page 3 of your publication of the 30th of December equating the present governments of Poland and Chile. It can only be explained by complete ignorance of the facts or by the systematically promoted socialist calumnies of the present situation in Chile, which I had not expected the F. A. Z. to fall for. I believe that all the participants in the Mont Pelerin Society conference held a few weeks ago in Chile would agree with me that you owe the Chilean government a humble apology for such twisting of the facts. Any Pole lucky enough to escape to Chile could consider himself fortunate.”

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Friedrich Hayek

Letter to the editor of Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, on a cartoon comparing Pinochet's Chile to Jaruzelski's Poland, which was published on 6 January 1982
1980s and later

“The illiterate expression ‘given data’ constantly recurs in Lange. It appears to have an irresistable attraction to mathematical economists because it doubly assures them that they know what they do not know. It seems to bewitch them into making assertions about the real world for which they have no empirical justification whatever.”

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Friedrich Hayek

1980s and later, "Two Pages of Fiction" (1982)

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