Frasi di Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
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Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel è stato un filosofo tedesco, considerato il rappresentante più significativo dell'idealismo tedesco.



È autore di una delle linee di pensiero più profonde e complesse della tradizione occidentale. Partendo dal lavoro dei suoi predecessori nell'idealismo e con influenze e suggestioni di altri sistemi di pensiero, sviluppò una filosofia innovativa, profonda e articolata. La sua visione storicista e idealistica della realtà nel suo complesso ha rivoluzionato il pensiero europeo, gettando le basi della filosofia continentale e del marxismo successivi.

Hegel sviluppò un quadro teorico completo, un "sistema" , studiando il rapporto tra mente e natura, soggetto e oggetto della conoscenza e della psicologia; e tenendo conto nella sua prospettiva dello stato, della storia, dell'arte, della religione e della filosofia. In particolare, ha sviluppato un concetto di Idea o spirito, manifestatasi in una serie di contraddizioni e di opposizioni e, in ultima analisi, pervenendo ad una filosofia della totalità. Esempi di contraddizioni che vengono superate nel suo sistema filosofico sono quelle tra natura e libertà o tra immanenza e trascendenza. Le pagine che ricercano tali soluzioni sono spesso di una complessità tale da lasciare incerti sull'interpretazione più corretta.

L'influenza di Hegel sul pensiero filosofico fu notevolissima. Attirò a sé un immenso numero di ammiratori , ma un'altrettanto ampia schiera di critici . Le sue concezioni di logica speculativa o "dialettica", di "idealismo assoluto", di "Spirito", di "negatività", di "sublimazione" , la dialettica del "Servo/Padrone", la "vita etica" e l'importanza della storia influirono a tal punto che buona parte della filosofia successiva procedette sostanzialmente sotto forma di critica a Hegel.

✵ 27. Agosto 1770 – 14. Novembre 1831   •   Altri nomi Георг Вильгельм Фридрих Гегель
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel photo
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Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel frasi celebri

“Il vero è l'intero, e l'intero è un processo.”

prefazione; 1973
La fenomenologia dello spirito

“Ognuno vuole e ritiene di essere migliore di questo suo mondo. Chi migliore è, esprime solo questo suo mondo meglio degli altri.”

Jeder will und meint besser zu sein als diese seine Welt. Wer besser ist, drückt nur diese seine Welt besser aus als andere.
Origine: Da Aforismi jenensi, n. 52.

Frasi sul mondo di Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel

“La preghiera del mattino dell'uomo moderno è la lettura del giornale. Ci permette di situarci quotidianamente nel nostro mondo storico.”

Origine: Aphorismen aus Hegels Wastebook, Werke, 2, p. 547. (tr. it. Aforismi jenensi: Hegels Wastebook, 1803-1806, Milano, Feltrinelli, 1981.

“L'ingresso di Dio nel mondo è lo Stato.”

par 258, "aggiunta"
Lineamenti di filosofia del diritto
Origine: Citato in Nicola Abbagnano e Giovanni Fornero, La filosofia, tomo 2b, p. 518.

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel Frasi e Citazioni

“[…] essere spinoziani è l'inizio essenziale del filosofare.”

vol. III, 2, pp. 109-110
Lezioni sulla storia della filosofia

“Il negativo, vale a dire la libertà, vale a dire il crimine.”

Origine: Citato in Edgar Morin, Lo spirito del tempo.

“L'animale ha soprattutto sentimento (Gefühl) […].”

Origine: Da Enciclopedia delle scienze filosofiche in compendio, par. 351; citato in Gino Ditadi, I filosofi e gli animali, vol. 1, Isonomia editrice, Este, 1994, p. 191. ISBN 88-85944-12-4

“Dell'assoluto, bisogna dire che è essenzialmente risultato, che solo alla fine è ciò che è in verità; e appunto in questo consiste la sua natura: essere qualcosa di effettivo, soggetto, o divenire-se-stesso.”

prefazione; 2008
La fenomenologia dello spirito
Variante: Dell'assoluto, bisogna dire che è essenzialmente risultato, che solo alla fine è ciò che è in verità; e appunto in questo consiste la sua natura: essere qualcosa di effettivo, soggetto, o divenire-se-stesso.

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel: Frasi in inglese

“History is not the soil of happiness. The periods of happiness are blank pages in it.”

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel libro Lezioni sulla filosofia della storia

Variant, as translated by H. B. Nisbet (1975): History is not the soil in which happiness grows. The periods of happiness in it are the blank pages of history.
Die Weltgeschichte ist nicht der Boden des Glücks. Die Perioden des Glücks sind leere Blätter in ihr.
General Introduction to the Philosophy of History
Lectures on the Philosophy of History (1832), Volume 1

“To him who looks upon the world rationally, the world in its turn presents a rational aspect. The relation is mutual.”

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel libro Lezioni sulla filosofia della storia

Lectures on the Philosophy of History (1832), Volume 1

“Aristotle (De Anima, I. 1) makes in the first place the general remark that it appears as if the soul must, on the one hand, be regarded in its freedom as independent and as separable from the body, since in thinking it is independent; and, on the other hand, since in the emotions it appears to be united with the body and not separate, it must also be looked on as being inseparable from it; for the emotions show themselves as materialized Notions (λόγοι έννοια), as material modes of what is spiritual. With this a twofold method of considering the soul, also known to Aristotle, comes into play, namely the purely rational or logical view, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, the physical or physiological; these we still see practiced side by side. According to the one view, anger, for instance, is looked on as an eager desire for retaliation or the like; according to the other view it is the surging upward of the heartblood and the warm element in man. The former is the rational, the latter the material view of anger; just as one man may define a house as a shelter against wind, rain, and other destructive agencies, while another defines it as consisting of wood and stone; that is to say, the former gives the determination and the form, or the purpose of the thing, while the latter specifies the material it is made of, and its necessary conditions.”

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel libro Lezioni sulla filosofia della storia

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Lectures on the Philosophy of History Vol 2 1837 translated by ES Haldane and Francis H. Simson first translated 1894 p. 181
Lectures on the Philosophy of History (1832), Volume 2

“To be aware of limitations is already to be beyond them.”

As quoted in Inwardness and Existence (1989) by Walter A. Davis, p. 18

“Amid the pressure of great events, a general principle gives no help.”

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel libro Lezioni sulla filosofia della storia

Lectures on the Philosophy of History (1832), Volume 1

“To make abstractions hold in reality is to destroy reality.”

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel libro Lezioni sulla filosofia della storia

Abstraktionen in der Wirklichkeit geltend machen, heißt Wirklichkeit zerstören.
Vorlesungen über der Geschichte der Philosophie (herausgegeben von D. Karl Ludwig Michelet) Dritter Band. Berlin, 1836. Verlag von Dunder und humblot. (p. 553)
Lectures on the Philosophy of History (1832), Volume 1

“Spirit, on the contrary, may be defined as that which has its center in itself. It has not a unity outside itself, but has already found it; it exists in and with itself. Matter has its essence out of itself; Spirit is self-contained existence (Bei-sich-selbst-seyn). Now this is Freedom, exactly. For if I am dependent, my being is referred to something else which I am not; I cannot exist independently of something external. I am free, on the contrary, when my existence depends upon myself. This self-contained existence of Spirit is none other than self-consciousness consciousness of one's own being. Two things must be distinguished in consciousness; first, the fact that I know; secondly, what I know. In self-consciousness these are merged in one; for Spirit knows itself. It involves an appreciation of its own nature, as also an energy enabling it to realise itself; to make itself actually that which it is potentially.”

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel libro Lezioni sulla filosofia della storia

Lectures on the History of History Vol 1 p. 18 John Sibree translation (1857), 1914
Lectures on the Philosophy of History (1832), Volume 1
Contesto: The nature of Spirit may be understood by a glance at its direct opposite Matter. As the essence of Matter is Gravity, so, on the other hand, we may affirm that the substance, the essence of Spirit is Freedom. All will readily assent to the doctrine that Spirit, among other properties, is also endowed with Freedom; but philosophy teaches that all the qualities of Spirit exist only through Freedom; that all are but means for attaining Freedom; that all seek and produce this and this alone. It is a result of speculative Philosophy, that Freedom is the sole truth of Spirit. Matter possesses gravity in virtue of its tendency towards a central point. It is essentially composite; consisting of parts that exclude each other. It seeks its Unity; and therefore exhibits itself as self- destructive, as verging towards its opposite [an indivisible point]. If it could attain this, it would be Matter no longer, it would have perished. It strives after the realization of its Idea; for in Unity it exists ideally. Spirit, on the contrary, may be defined as that which has its center in itself. It has not a unity outside itself, but has already found it; it exists in and with itself. Matter has its essence out of itself; Spirit is self-contained existence (Bei-sich-selbst-seyn). Now this is Freedom, exactly. For if I am dependent, my being is referred to something else which I am not; I cannot exist independently of something external. I am free, on the contrary, when my existence depends upon myself. This self-contained existence of Spirit is none other than self-consciousness consciousness of one's own being. Two things must be distinguished in consciousness; first, the fact that I know; secondly, what I know. In self-consciousness these are merged in one; for Spirit knows itself. It involves an appreciation of its own nature, as also an energy enabling it to realise itself; to make itself actually that which it is potentially.

“What is reasonable is real; that which is real is reasonable.”

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel libro Lineamenti di filosofia del diritto

Was vernünftig ist, das ist Wirklich; und was wirklich ist, das ist vernünftig.
Variant translation: What is rational is real; And what is real is rational. Upon this conviction stand not philosophy only but even every unsophisticated consciousness. From it also proceeds the view now under contemplation that the spiritual universe is the natural. When reflection, feeling, or whatever other form the subjective consciousness may assume, regards the present as vanity, and thinks itself to be beyond it and wiser, it finds itself in emptiness, and, as it has actuality only in the present, it is vanity throughout. Against the doctrine that the idea is a mere idea, figment or opinion, philosophy preserves the more profound view that nothing is real except the idea. Hence arises the effort to recognize in the temporal and transient the substance, which is immanent, and the eternal, which is present. The rational is synonymous with the idea, because in realizing itself it passes into external existence. It thus appears in an endless wealth of forms, figures and phenomena. It wraps its kernel' round with a robe of many colors, in which consciousness finds itself at home. Through this varied husk the conception first of all penetrates, in order to touch the pulse, and then feel it throbbing in its external manifestations. To bring to order the endlessly varied relations, which constitute the outer appearance of the rational essence is not the task of philosophy.
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Philosophy of Right as translated by SW Dyde, Queen’s University Canada, 1896, Preface xxvii-xxviii
Elements of the Philosophy of Right (1820/1821)

“This final aim is God's purpose with the world; but God is the absolutely perfect Being, and can, therefore, will nothing but himself.”

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel libro Lezioni sulla filosofia della storia

Lectures on the Philosophy of History, H.G. Bohn, 1857, part IV. The German world, p. 374
Lectures on the Philosophy of History (1832), Volume 1

“Philosophy must indeed recognize the possibility that the people rise to it, but must not lower itself to the people.”

So muß die Philosophie zwar die Möglichkeit erkennen, daß das Volk sich zu ihr erhebt, aber sie muß sich nicht zum Volk erniedrigen.
Introduction to the Critical Journal of Philosophy, cited in W. Kaufmann, Hegel (1966), p. 56

“Philosophy is by its nature something esoteric, neither made for the mob nor capable of being prepared for the mob.”

Introduction to the Critical Journal of Philosophy, cited in W. Kaufmann, Hegel (1966), p. 56

“Among the Romans in Christian times Mithras-worship as very widely spread, and so late as the Middle Ages we meet with a secret Mithras-worship ostensibly connected with the order of the Knights-Templars. Mithras thrusting the knife into the neck of the ox is a figurative representation belonging essentially to the cult of Mithras, of which examples have been frequently found in Europe.”

Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich, Lectures on the philosophy of religion, together with a work on the proofs of the existence of God. Vol 2 Translated from the 2d German ed. 1895 Ebenezer Brown Speirs 1854-1900, and J Burdon Sanderson p. 81-82
Lectures on Philosophy of Religion, Volume 2

“The heart is everywhere, and each part of the organism is only the specialized force of the heart itself.”

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel libro Encyclopedia of the Philosophical Sciences

Encyclopedia of the Philosophical Sciences (1816)

“Not curiosity, not vanity, not the consideration of expediency, not duty and conscientiousness, but an unquenchable, unhappy thirst that brooks no compromise leads us to truth.”

Nicht die Neugierde, nicht die Eitelkeit, nicht die Betrachtung der Nützlichkeit, nicht die Pflicht und Gewissenhaftigkeit, sondern ein unauslöschlicher, unglücklicher Durst, der sich auf keinen Vergleich einläßt, führt uns zur Wahrheit.
Nürnberg, Sep. 30, 1809; Schrieb's zum Andenken (written to remember)
Stammbuchblätter Hegels (Hegel's album sheets)
Briefe von und an Hegel, Volume 4, Part 1 http://buch.archinform.net/isbn/3-7873-0322-7.htm, Meiner Verlag, 1977, p. 168

“The person must give himself an external sphere of freedom in order to have being as Idea.”

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel libro Lineamenti di filosofia del diritto

Die Person muß sich eine äußere Sphäre ihrer Freiheit geben, um als Idee zu sein.
Sect. 41
Elements of the Philosophy of Right (1820/1821)

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